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讀紐時學英文
2022/06/03 第385期 訂閱/退訂看歷史報份
 
 
紐時周報精選 Superteams? More Like Super Flops. 雖然提前放暑假 NBA超級球隊熱潮不減
Scientists Find No Benefit to Time-Restricted Eating 科學家發覺限時飲食並無益處
紐時周報精選
 
Superteams? More Like Super Flops. 雖然提前放暑假 NBA超級球隊熱潮不減
文/Tania Ganguli and Scott Cacc
譯/陳韋廷

雖然提前放暑假 NBA超級球隊熱潮不減

The game was over, and the crowd at Barclays Center in New York was chanting “M-V-P.” The fans wore NBA jerseys in all of the team’s colors, and their star raised his arms to acknowledge their praise.

比賽結束後,紐約巴克萊中心的人群高呼「M-V-P」。球迷們全部身穿這個NBA球隊相同顏色的球衣,他們的球星舉手感謝他們的讚揚。

But Kyrie Irving was already headed to the locker room. So, too, was Kevin Durant. Ben Simmons wasn’t even in the building. This was not a celebration for the Brooklyn Nets, who play their home games here.

It was for the Boston Celtics, for their star Jayson Tatum and for the team that had just accomplished a once-unthinkable feat: a four-game sweep of the Nets in the first round of the playoffs.

The Nets superteam the Celtics faced, built around Irving and Durant to win a championship in June, didn’t even make it to May.

但厄文已經去了更衣室,杜蘭特也是,西蒙斯甚至不在場館裡。這不是為了幫主場球隊布魯克林籃網隊慶祝,而是為了波士頓塞爾蒂克隊,為了他們的球星泰托姆,為了這支剛完成曾經難以想像壯舉的球隊:季後賽第一輪四場比賽橫掃籃網隊。塞爾蒂克面對的是由厄文和杜蘭特組成、打算在6月贏得總冠軍的籃網超級隊,但他們甚至未能撐到5月。

It was a dismal scene to end a season that started with outsize expectations in October. The Nets had three of the best players on the planet, a cast of characters that was the NBA’s version of “Ocean’s Eleven.” Team executives around the league feared them. In fact, in a preseason poll by NBA.com, 72% of the league’s general managers predicted that the Nets would win the title.

The Los Angeles Lakers finished second, with 17% of the vote, proving that nobody knew much of anything: The Lakers did not make the playoffs at all.

這是一個令人沮喪的場景,結束了從去年10月以過高期望值展開的球季。籃網隊擁有地表上最好的三名球員,這一陣容堪稱NBA版的「瞞天過海」。全聯盟球隊高層都很怕他們。事實上,在NBA官網季前民調中,72%的聯盟總經理預測籃網會贏得總冠軍。洛杉磯湖人隊以17%得票率位居第二,這證明了沒有人什麼都懂:湖人隊根本沒能夠打進季後賽。

Yet when the season started, there was a big question: What could prevent those two teams from meeting in the NBA Finals? Who else but LeBron James could possibly stop Durant from delivering the Nets their first NBA title? And who besides Durant could impede James’ march to a fifth championship?

但球季開始時,有個大哉問是:有什麼能阻止這兩支球隊在總決賽相遇?除了詹姆斯,還有誰能阻止杜蘭特為籃網帶來他們首個NBA總冠軍?除了杜蘭特,還有誰能阻止詹姆斯獲得第五個總冠軍?

It turned out, plenty would get in their way.

事實證明是,阻止他們的有很多人。

The Nets and the Lakers failed — spectacularly — at creating successful superteams, although the failures had different roots. For the Nets, it was a mix of the absurd: a star who wouldn’t get vaccinated against the coronavirus; another star who wanted out after forcing his way to the Nets in the first place; a replacement star who didn’t even show up for the elimination game.

籃網和湖人都未能創造出成功的超級球隊,儘管他們令人驚訝的敗北原因不同。對籃網來說,這是個荒謬的混合體:一個球星不願接種新冠疫苗,另一個球星一開始硬要進入籃網,之後又想離開,還有一個替補球星季後賽根本沒出現。

For the Lakers, it was pure Hollywood: an aging former All-Star who wanted the ball for himself when his coach wanted him to share; a crew of has-beens hoping for one last hurrah; the A-list star trying to carry the team, but unable to do it the way he had so many times before. Young opponents laughed at them, openly, and reveled in precipitating their demise.

對湖人隊來說,這十分好萊塢。一個上了年紀的前明星賽球員只想自己拿球,儘管教練要他分享;一群過氣人物希望獲得最後一次勝利的歡呼;那個A咖球星試圖帶領球隊,卻無法以他過去做了很多次的方法做到。年輕對手們公開嘲笑他們,並以加速他們的滅亡為樂。

 
Scientists Find No Benefit to Time-Restricted Eating 科學家發覺限時飲食並無益處
文/Gina Kolata
譯/莊蕙嘉

科學家發覺限時飲食並無益處

The weight-loss idea is appealing: Limit your eating to a period of six to eight hours each day, during which you can have whatever you want.

這個減重想法很吸引人:限制你每天進食期間為六至八小時,這段時間你可以吃任何你想吃的東西。

Studies in mice seemed to support so-called time-restricted eating, a form of the popular intermittent fasting diet. Small studies of people with obesity suggested it might help shed pounds.

以老鼠做的研究似乎支持這個所謂的限時進食法,一種受歡迎的間歇性斷食法。以肥胖人士所做的小型研究顯示這可能有助減重。

But now, a one-year study in which people followed a low-calorie diet between the hours of 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. or consumed the same number of calories anytime during the day has failed to find an effect.

但是,現在一項為期一年的研究無法發現其效果,研究中一組人遵循上午八時至下午四時的低卡路里飲食,另一組在一天之內的任何時候攝取相同熱量。

The bottom line, said Dr. Ethan Weiss, a diet researcher at the University of California, San Francisco: “There is no benefit to eating in a narrow window.”

舊金山加州大學飲食研究者懷斯博士指出,重點是在「在短時間之內進食沒有效益」。

The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, was led by researchers at Southern Medical University in Guangzhou, China, and included 139 people with obesity. Women ate 1,200 to 1,500 calories a day, and men consumed 1,500 to 1,800 calories daily.

To ensure compliance, participants were required to photograph every bit of food they ate and to keep food diaries.

這項刊載於《新英格蘭醫學期刊》的研究,由中國廣州的南方醫科大學研究者主持,受試者包含139名肥胖人士。女性一天吃進1200至1500大卡,男性則每日攝取1500至1800大卡。為確保遵守規定,受試者被要求拍下他們吃的所有食物,並寫飲食日記。

Both groups lost weight — an average of about 14 to 18 pounds — but there was no significant difference in the amounts of weight lost with either diet strategy. There also were no significant differences between the groups in measures of waist circumference, body fat and lean body mass.

兩個群體都有減輕體重,平均約6.35至8.16公斤,但兩個飲食策略減少的體重量並沒有顯著差異。關於腰圍、體脂和淨體重,兩個群體間也沒有顯著差異。

The scientists also found no differences in such risk factors as blood glucose levels, sensitivity to insulin, blood lipids or blood pressure.

科學家還發現,關於血糖值、胰島素敏感度、血脂或血壓等風險因子,同樣沒有差異。

“These results indicate that caloric intake restriction explained most of the beneficial effects seen with the time-restricted eating regimen,” Weiss and his colleagues concluded.

「這些結果顯示,卡路里攝取限制可解釋限時進食法的大多數有益效果。」懷斯和他的同事做出結論。

Christopher Gardner, director of nutrition studies at the Stanford Prevention Research Center, said he wouldn’t be surprised if time-restricted eating nonetheless worked on occasion.

史丹福預防研究中心營養研究主任賈德納說,如果限時進食法偶爾也能發揮效果,他不會感到驚訝。

“Almost every type of diet out there works for some people,” he said. “But the take-home supported by this new research is that when subjected to a properly designed and conducted study — scientific investigation — it is not any more helpful than simply reducing daily calorie intake for weight loss and health factors.”

「幾乎市面上所有飲食法都能對一些人有效」,他說,「但是這項新研究,一個正確設計且執行的研究,也就是科學調查,其支持的論點是,在減重和健康因素下,沒有什麼比單純減少每日熱量攝取更有幫助」。

 
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