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2011/04/26 第3期 訂閱/退訂看歷史報份直接訂閱
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The Great American Apparel Diet 大家來揪團,一年之內不要買新衣
by Matthew Brown
Have you ever thought about reevaluating your shopping habits?
你曾經考慮要重新評估自己的消費習慣嗎?

   A trendy new diet has surfaced, and it's quite unlike the others that have come and gone in recent years. To be on it, you don't have to _(1)_ eating carbohydrates or only eat foods like those in Mediterranean countries. This diet doesn't even help you lose weight or keep _(2)_. In fact, it's not about what you eat at all. It's called the Great American Apparel Diet (GAAD), and it's about taking a _(3)_ from buying new clothes.

   GAAD started in the US with a small group of people that
were tired of shopping for clothes all the time. After all, many people shop on _(4)_ or even when they don't need to. Commercials constantly tempt consumers to purchase new products to _(5)_ others. Buying unnecessary merchandise wastes money and can even be _(6)_ to the environment. The founders of GAAD decided that there were better ways to feel good than mindlessly acquiring new clothes.

   GAAD was such a success during the first year that it's now in its second
phase. The idea has even _(7)_ to many other countries. Participants are sharing stories about their diet experiences on GAAD's website. Like real diets, many have discovered that it's not easy to _(8)_ themselves of certain things. They post the difficulties they've _(9)_ and the temptations they've faced. The website offers _(10)_ on how to change the way you shop, and many who have finished the first year's diet say that it has changed the way they think about consuming. If you're up to the challenge, then it's time to give the Great American Apparel Diet a try.

說明:請依文意在所提供的 (A) 到 (L) 12 個選項中,選出最適當的 10 個選項。
(A) rid (B) get off (C) fit (D) harmful (E) break (F) spread (G) tips (H) give up (I) beneficial (J) impulse
(K) encountered (L) impress

 

1. To be on it, you don't have to give up eating carbohydrates or only eat foods like those in Mediterranean countries.
理由:
a. 空格前有不定詞 to,空格後有動名詞詞組 eating carbohydrates(吃碳水化合物),可知空格內應置入原形及物動詞或片語及物動詞。
b. 符合上述的選項有 (A) rid(使擺脫)、(B) get off(下……交通工具)、(C) fit(適合)、(E) break(打破)、(F) spread(傳播)、(H) give up(放棄)和 (L) impress(使印象深刻),然僅 give up 置入後符合語意,表執行這項減重計劃時,你不需要『放棄』吃碳水化合物,故選 (H)。
c. give up...  放棄……
例: Lucy plans to give up her job to take care of her children full-time.
(露西打算放棄她的工作而全天候照顧孩子。)

2. This diet doesn't even help you lose weight or keep fit.
理由:
a. 空格前有不完全不及物動詞 keep(保持),可知空格內應置入形容詞作補語。
b. 符合上述條件的形容詞選項有 (C) fit(健康的,強健的)、(D) harmful(有害的),以及 (I) beneficial(有益的),然僅 fit 置入後符合語意,故選 (C)。
c. keep fit  保持健康;保持身材(健美)
例: If you want to keep fit, you should not eat right before going to bed.
(如果你想保持身材,就不應該在睡覺前吃東西。)

3. It's called the Great American Apparel Diet (GAAD), and it's about taking a break from buying new clothes.
理由:
a. 空格前有動名詞 taking 和不定冠詞 a,可知空格內應置入以子音開頭的單數可數名詞。
b. 符合上述的選項有 (E) break(休息)和 (F) spread(伸展;範圍),然僅 break 置入後符合語意,且形成下列固定用法:
take a break  休息一下
例: I can't concentrate anymore, so I'm going to take a break.
(我再也沒辦法集中精神了,所以我要休息一下。)
c. 根據上述,故選 (E)。

4. After all, many people shop on impulse or even when they don't need to.
理由:
a. 空格前有介詞 on,可知空格內應置入名詞。
b. 選項中的名詞有 (F) spread(傳開;蔓延)、(G) tips(訣竅;小費)、(J) impulse(衝動)和 (L) impress(印記),然僅 impulse 置入後符合語意,表許多人是因為一時『衝動』而購物,故選 (J)。
c. impulse n. 衝動
on impulse  一時衝動/興起
例: Sherry left her husband on impulse but regretted it later.
(雪莉一時衝動離開了她先生,但事後卻後悔了。)

5. Commercials constantly tempt consumers to purchase new products to impress others.
理由:
a. 空格之前有不定詞 to,空格之後則有代名詞 others(其他人),可知空格內應置入原形及物動詞或片語及物動詞。
b. 符合上述的選項有 (A) rid(使擺脫)、(B) get off(下……交通工具)、(F) spread(傳播),以及 (L) impress(使印象深刻),然僅 impress 置入後符合語意,故選 (L)。
c. impress vt. 使印象深刻
impress sb with sth  以某事使某人印象深刻
例: Rachel impressed us with her eloquence during her speech.
(瑞秋在演講中口才流利,令我們印象深刻。)

6. Buying unnecessary merchandise wastes money and can even be harmful to the environment.
理由:
a. 空格前有原形 be 動詞,空格後有介詞 to,可知空格內應置入形容詞或分詞。
b. 符合上述條件的選項有 (A) rid(被除去)、(D) harmful(有害的)、(F) spread(被傳播)、(I) beneficial(有益的)以及 (K) encountered(被遇到),然僅 harmful 置入後符合語意,表購買不需要的商品不只浪費錢,甚至會對環境『有害』,故選 (D)。
c. harmful a. 有害的
be harmful to...  對……有害
例: Secondhand smoke is harmful to your health.
(二手菸有害健康。)

7. The idea has even spread to many other countries.
理由:
a. 空格前有現在完成式助動詞 has,空格後有介詞 to,可知空格內應置入不及物動詞或不及物動詞片語的過去分詞形。
b. 符合上述的選項僅有 (F) spread(流傳),置入後亦符合語意,表這個點子甚至已經『傳』到其他許多國家,故選之。
c. spread vi. 傳開;蔓延(三態同形)
例: The disease spread rapidly through this area.
(那個疾病迅速在該區蔓延開來。)

8. Like real diets, many have discovered that it's not easy to rid themselves of certain things.
理由:
a. 空格前有不定詞 to,空格後則有反身代名詞 themselves(他們自己),可知空格內應置入原形的及物動詞或片語及物動詞。
b. 符合上述的選項有 (A) rid(使擺脫)和 (B) get off(下……交通工具),然僅 rid 置入後符合語意,且與 themselves 形成以下固定用法:
rid oneself of...  某人擺脫/戒除……
rid vt. 使擺脫(三態同形)
例: Sally rid herself of all her debts when she got a raise.
(莎莉加薪後便把所有債務還清了。)
c. 根據上述,可知應選 (A)。

9. They post the difficulties they've encountered and the temptations they've faced.
理由:
a. 空格位於關係代名詞 which(已省略,用來代替其前的先行詞 difficulties)引導的形容詞子句中,形容詞子句中有主詞和現在完成式助動詞 they've,可知空格內應置入及物動詞或片語及物動詞的過去分詞形。
b. 選項中僅 (K) encountered(遇到,遭遇)符合上述條件,置入後亦符合語意,表他們列出自己『遇到』的困難以及所面對的誘惑,故選之。
c. encounter vt. 遇到,遭遇
例: Before Bill succeeded, he had encountered many setbacks.
(比爾在成功之前遭遇到很多挫折。)

10. The website offers tips on how to change the way you shop, and many who have finished the first year's diet say that it has changed the way they think about consuming.
理由:
a. 空格前有及物動詞 offers(提供),空格後有介詞詞組 on how to change the way you shop(就如何改變購物方式),可知空格內應置入名詞。
b. 符合上述的選項僅剩 (G) tips(訣竅,秘訣),置入後亦符合語意,表官網上提供你如何改變購物方式的『小撇步』,故選 (G)。
c. tip n. 訣竅,秘訣;小費
give sb some tips on...  給某人……方面的秘訣/建議
例: Andrew gave me some useful tips on learning vocabulary words.
(安德魯給了我一些很管用的學單字小撇步。)

 

1. surface vi. 顯露,浮現
例: The problems with the new apartment surfaced before we even moved in.
(我們尚未搬進去,那棟新公寓的問題就浮現了。)

2. come and go  來來去去;時有時無
例: Friends come and go, but a true friend is here to stay.
(朋友來來去去,但真正的朋友永遠會在。)

3. be tired of...  厭倦/厭煩……;受夠了……
= be sick of...
= be fed up with...
例: Stella is tired of eating out every day.
(史黛拉厭倦了每天外食。)

4. tempt sb to V  誘使某人(做)……
= tempt sb into V-ing
tempt vt. 引誘,誘惑
例: What could tempt a person to commit a crime?
(什麼因素可以誘使一個人犯罪?)

5. mindlessly adv. 不費心思地
例: Mandy mindlessly turned off her computer without saving the file she was working on.
(曼蒂想都沒想就關掉她的電腦,沒有儲存她剛剛處理的資料。)

6. consume vt. 消費;消耗
time-consuming a. 費時的
例: That car consumes a lot more fuel than this one.
(那輛車比這輛來得耗油。)
例: Writing a book is really a time-consuming job.
(寫書真的是一件耗時的工作。)

7. be up to + N/V-ing  能勝任……;從事……
例: I thought I was up to going bungee jumping, but I chickened out in the end.
(我以為自己有辦法高空彈跳,但我最後因為害怕而放棄。)

8. give...a try  嘗試……
= give...a shot
例: Uploading a video onto the Internet is easy. Why don't you give it a try?
(將影片上傳到網路上很簡單,你何不試一試?)

1. apparel n. 衣服
2. trendy a. 時髦的
3. diet n. 飲食
 be on a diet  節食中
4. carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物
5. constantly adv. 不斷地
6. purchase vt. 購買
7. unnecessary a. 不需要的
8. merchandise n. 商品(集合名詞,不可數)
9. phase n. 階段
10. participant n. 參與者
11. post vt. 公布;張貼
12. temptation n. 引誘,誘惑
13. challenge n. 挑戰

 
  一種新式減重計劃誕生了,而且它不像其他近年內頻迭更替的那些計劃。執行這項減重計劃時,你不需要放棄吃碳水化合物,或只吃地中海式的食物。這種減重計劃甚至不是幫你減輕體重或保持身體健康。事實上,這跟你吃的東西一點關係也沒有。這項名為『美國大減衣計劃』(以下稱為『縮衣計劃』)跟暫時不買新衣服有關。
   縮衣計劃是由一小群美國人所發起的,他們厭倦了一直添購新衣。畢竟,許多人是因為一時衝動或根本就不需要的情況下購物。電視廣告一再引誘消費者購買新產品,好讓其他人印象深刻。購買不需要的商品不只浪費錢,甚至會對環境有害。縮衣計劃的發起人認為相較於隨意購買新衣,還有更好的方式可以讓人覺得心情舒暢。
   縮衣計劃在第一年大獲成功,現在已邁入第二階段。這個點子甚至已經傳到其他許多國家。參與者在縮衣計劃的官網上分享他們的縮衣經驗。就像真正的節食一樣,許多人發現自己要戒除某些東西非常不容易。他們列出自己遇到的困難以及所面對的誘惑。官網上提供你如何改變購物方式的小撇步,而許多完成第一年縮衣計劃的人說,這項計劃改變了自己認知的消費方式。如果你能勝任這項挑戰,現在加入『美國大減衣計劃』正是時候。
 
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