1. invasion n. 入侵，侵略
衍: invade vt. 入侵
The international community claimed Russia's move was an act of invasion.
國際社會聲稱俄羅斯的行動是侵略行為。
Unfortunately, the cancer cells have already spread and invaded other parts of Tim's body.
不幸的是，癌細胞已經擴散並入侵提姆身體的其他部位。

2. prey n. 獵物（集合名詞，不可數）& vi. 獵取
衍: fall prey to...　　成為……的受害者
prey on...　　捕食……
My mom fell prey to a con man a few years ago.
好幾年前我媽被詐騙過。
＊con man n. 騙徒
Eagles prey on small animals for food.
老鷹獵捕小動物為食。

3. habitat n.（動物的）棲息地
We all must do our best to preserve the natural habitat of those butterflies.
我們都必須盡力保護這些蝴蝶的自然棲息地。
＊preserve vt. 保護，維護

4. harsh a. 嚴酷的，惡劣的；嚴厲的
衍: be harsh on sb　　對某人很嚴苛
I had no idea this plant would be able to thrive under such harsh conditions.
我不知道原來這種植物能在如此惡劣的環境下成長茁壯。
＊thrive vi. 茂盛，健壯，茁壯
Mrs. Chou was a harsh mother and imposed severe punishments on her children.
周太太是名嚴厲的母親，她對小孩都會加以嚴懲。
Don't be too harsh on your little brother. After all, he's just a kid.
別對你小弟太嚴厲。畢竟，他還只是個孩子。

5. instinct n. 本能，天性
衍: instinctive a. 本能的；直覺的
Birds do not learn to build nests, but they build them using their instincts.
鳥類並沒有學習築巢，而是依本能去築巢。
The spinning of webs is instinctive in spiders.
結網是蜘蛛的本能。
＊spin vt. 結（網），吐（絲）（三態為：spin, spun, spun。）

6. landscape n.（陸上的）景色，風景

7. overcome vt. 克服，征服（三態為：overcome, overcame, overcome。）
Courage will help you overcome whatever life throws at you.
勇氣將幫你克服人生中困擾你的每件事。
＊courage n. 勇氣（不可數）

8. illustrate vt. 說明，闡明；為……畫插圖
衍: illustration n. 插圖，圖解
The doctor illustrated the effects of smoking with some graphic photos.
那位醫生用了一些清晰的照片來說明吸菸所造成的影響。
＊graphic a. 清晰的
Lisa just finished illustrating a book on cats.
麗莎剛完成一本講述貓咪書籍的插畫。
This children's book is full of beautiful illustrations.
這本童書裡充滿了美麗的插圖。

9. migrate vi.（鳥類、動物）遷徙
衍: emigrate vi.（往外）移居
immigrate vi.（從外）移民到（本國）
When will the bluebirds begin to migrate?
這批藍知更鳥何時會開始遷徙？
If law and order don't improve in this country, I will consider emigrating to Finland.
假如這個國家的法治再不改善，我會考慮移居至芬蘭。
In what year did your parents immigrate from Vietnam?
你父母是哪一年從越南移民來的？

10. starve vi. 挨餓
Many people starve in arid climates because there isn't enough rainfall to grow crops.
許多人因乾旱氣候而餓死，因為沒有足夠的降雨量供作物生長。
＊arid a. 乾燥的；不毛的

11. conserve vt. 節省（資源、能源）；保育
衍: conservation n.（動植物的）保育；保護
We should conserve as much energy as possible.
我們應該要盡可能地節約能源。
Conservation is one way to make sure we have enough natural resources in the future.
保育是確保我們將來有足夠自然資源的一種方法。

1. struggle to V　　奮力／努力（做）??
衍: struggle with...　　與??搏鬥
Jim struggled to carry the box of heavy books up the stairs.
吉姆努力搬著那箱沉重的書上樓。
The character in the movie struggles with his good and bad sides.
電影中的這個角色在內心的善與惡之間掙扎著。

2. blend into...　　與……融為一體
The churches in Santorini seem to blend into the surroundings.
聖托里尼的教堂似乎與周圍的環境融為一體了。

3. suffer from...　　飽受……之苦；罹患……疾病
Sandy suffers from serious allergies when the seasons change.
季節轉換的時候，姍蒂就會嚴重過敏。
＊allergy n. 過敏

4. manage to V　　設法做到……
I couldn't manage to find shoes in my size.
我無法找到合我腳尺寸的鞋子。

5. run out of...　　耗盡／用完……
My scooter ran out of gas on the way to the amusement park.
我的機車在前往遊樂園的路上沒油了。