lobby
(v) to try to persuade a politician, the government or an official group that a particular thing should or should not happen, or that a law should be changed 遊說
Some groups have been lobbying to keep gambling out of their cities.
exempt
(v) to excuse someone or something from a duty, payment, etc. 免除；豁免
I will exempt the students with the three highest grades from taking the final exam.
unwarranted
(adj) not having a good reason and therefore annoying or unfair 無正當理由的；不必要的
The new ruling creates unwarranted restrictions on personal rights.
vested interest
(n phr) a strong personal interest in something because you could get an advantage from it
既得利益
We live on the coastline, and therefore have a vested interest in keeping the waters pollution-free.
prototype
(n) the first example of something, such as a machine or other industrial product, from which all later forms are developed 原型；雛形
Kim owns a prototype of one of the first electric cars. Today's technology, though, has greatly improved.
