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2011/12/27 第38期 訂閱/退訂看歷史報份直接訂閱
優惠活動訊息:見訊息
   
Winter Celebrations 冬天的慶祝活動
The winter is not just about Christmas.
冬天不單單只有聖誕節。

  Regardless of where you live, holidays are a time for family get-togethers and celebrations. _(1)_ In other societies, there are traditions in December that many hold dear, but few know their exact origins.
  In years past, gathering for the winter holiday wasn't for celebrating the birth of Jesus. _(2)_ At the time, during the cold, dark months of the year, people feared being alone and out at night. People would gather together and hold noisy celebrations. _(3)_ During the winter solstice, these evil forces came out in even greater numbers. It wasn't until many years later that this gathering would coincide with the celebration of Christmas.
  In the UK, one of the most popular holiday foods is Christmas pudding. In the past, it was believed that everyone in the household had to take part in the preparation of this dish. Part of this custom was that everyone, even the youngest family members, was supposed to mix the pudding at least three times. _(4)_ Doing this together was meant to bring prosperity to the household. If an unmarried girl in the house didn't take part in the stirring of the pudding, it was bad luck. _(5)_ Holiday traditions change and grow with each society. What are the traditions of your favorite holiday?
(A) These parties were loud so as to keep demons, ghosts, and other scary spirits away.
(B) She would have to give up all hope of finding a husband in the upcoming year.
(C) Instead, it was for the winter solstice, which usually falls on December 21 in the northern hemisphere.
(D) In the West, Christmas is not only the biggest holiday but one that millions of people anticipate on a yearly basis.
(E) While stirring, they had to see the bottom of the pot.

 
  1. 第一題空格應選 (D)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句表示,不管你住在何處,節日就是讓家人齊聚一堂共同慶祝的時光。
    b. (D) 選項的句子說,在西方世界,聖誕節是最盛大,也是好幾百萬人每年都引頸期盼的節日,皆有關鍵字 holiday,且語意連貫,故為正選。
    大補丸:
    a. anticipate [ An`tIsJ:pet ] vt. 盼望,期望
    anticipate + V-ing  期望……
    例: Mary and John are anticipating moving into their first apartment.
    (瑪麗和約翰正期待搬進他們的第一間公寓。)
    b. on a yearly basis  每年地
    on a...basis  以……為基準
    例: Julie stays in shape by exercising on a daily basis.
    (茱莉靠每天運動來保持身材。)

  2. 第二題空格應選 (C)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句表示,從前在這個冬季節日中齊聚一堂並非為了慶祝耶穌誕生,推測空格應是解釋真正原因。
    b. (C) 選項的句子進一步說明,在這個冬季節日中齊聚一堂,是為了冬至日,符合推測,且前後語意連貫,故為正選。
    大補丸:
    a. solstice [ `salstIs ] n. 至,至日
    winter/summer solstice  冬至/夏至
    b. fall on + 日期  
    (節日等)適逢/剛好落在……(日期)
    例: This year, my younger sister's birthday falls on a Tuesday.
    (今年我妹妹的生日落在星期二。)
    c. hemisphere [ `hEmJs:fIr ] n.(地球的)半球

  3. 第三題空格應選 (A)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句說,人們會聚在一起,舉辦一些熱鬧的慶祝活動。
    b. (A) 選項的句子進一步說明,在這些派對上喧囂吵鬧是為了將惡魔、幽靈和其他恐怖的鬼魂驅離,語意連貫,且選項中 的 These parties were loud 和前一句中的 noisy celebrations 相呼應,故為正選。
    大補丸:
    a. so as to V  為了……(的目的),以便……
    = in order to V
    例: I got up early so as to catch the first train to Taichung.
    (我早起以便趕搭開往台中的第 1 班火車。)
    b. demon [ `dimJn ] n. 惡魔
    c. scary [ `skErI ] a. 嚇人的

  4. 第四題空格應選 (E)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句表示,這項習俗還規定每個人都必須攪動(mix)布丁至少 3 下。
    b. (E) 選項的句子進一步說,在攪拌的同時(While stirring),他們還得看到鍋底才行,語意連貫,其中 mix 和 stirring 為關鍵字,故為正選。
    大補丸:
    a. stir [ stR ] vi. & vt. 攪拌
    例: The chef forgot to stir the soup, so it burned on the bottom.
    (廚師忘了攪動湯,結果鍋底燒焦了。)
    b. bottom [ `batJm ] n. 底部
    c. pot [ pat ] n. 鍋;盆

  5. 第五題空格應選 (B)
    理由:
    a. 空格前一句表示,如果家裡有未婚的女孩(an unmarried girl)不參加攪拌布丁的儀式,則會招來惡運,推測空格應是解釋厄運為何。
    b. (B) 項的句子進一步解釋,她(She)將會喪失來年找到夫婿的一切希望,此處的 She 即代表 The unmarried girl,前後語意連貫,且符合推測,故為正選。
    大補丸:
    a. give up...  放棄……
    例: After a month, Paul finally gave up searching for his missing dog.
    (1 個月後,保羅終於放棄找尋他走失的小狗。)
    b. upcoming [ `Vp:kVmIG ] a. 即將來臨的
    例: All I did during the long weekend was prepare for my upcoming exams.
    (我整個週末都在準備即將來臨的考試。)
  1. regardless of...  不論/不管……
    例: Regardless of how much you hate the way he does things, you have to admit he has a good heart.
    (無論你多討厭他做事的方法,你必須承認他有副好心腸。)
  2. in great/large numbers  大量地
    * 本文中的 greater 為 great 的比較級。
    例: The birds often gather in the park in great numbers.
    (經常有大群鳥兒聚集在公園裡。)
  3. coincide vi. 同時發生
    coincidence n. 巧合
    coincide with...  與……同時發生/巧合
    例: The meteor shower coincided with the first snowfall of the winter.
    (那場流星雨剛好發生在冬天下第一場雪的那天。)
    例: What a coincidence! I didn't expect to meet you here.
    (真巧!我沒料到會在這兒遇見你。)
  4. take part in...  參與/參加……
    = participate in...
    * participate [ par`tIsJ:pet ] vi. 參加
    例: Next month, I'll be taking part in the marathon through Taroko Gorge.
    (我下個月將參加橫跨太魯閣峽谷的馬拉松比賽。)
  5. be supposed to V  應該要……
    例: I'm supposed to hand in the report tomorrow, but I have yet to type even one word.
    (我明天應該要交出報告,但我甚至連一個字都還沒打。)
  6. prosperity n. 興旺,繁盛
    prosper vi. 繁盛;成功
    例: Local residents are hoping that the new amusement park will bring prosperity to their town.
    (當地居民希望這座新遊樂場能為地方帶來繁榮。)
    例: Under Mr. Goodman's leadership, the company prospered.
    (該公司在古德曼先生的領導下蓬勃發展。)
  1. celebration n. 慶祝(活動)
  2. get-together n. 聚會
  3. origin n. 起源,由來
  4. pudding n. 布丁
  5. household n. 家庭
  6. preparation n. 準備

冬天不單單只有聖誕節。
  不管你住在何處,節日就是讓家人齊聚一堂共同慶祝的時光。在西方世界,聖誕節不只是最盛大,也是好幾百萬人每年都引頸期盼的節日。而在其他社會中,12 月也有不少人鍾愛的傳統,但很少人知道它們的確切由來。
  從前,在這個冬季節日中齊聚一堂並非為了慶祝耶穌誕生,而是為了冬至日,在北半球,冬至通常落在 12 月 21 日。當時,在一年中寒冷且黑暗的月份裡,人們不敢夜晚獨自在外逗留。人們會聚在一起,舉辦一些熱鬧的慶祝活動。在這些派對上喧囂吵鬧是為了將惡魔、幽靈和其他恐怖的鬼魂驅離。冬至期間,牛鬼蛇神出沒的數量甚至更加龐大。但一直要到很多年後,這項聚會才跟聖誕節的慶祝活動合而為一。
  在英國,聖誕布丁是最受歡迎的聖誕節食物之一。在過去,大家相信家族裡的每個人都要一同準備這道餐點。這項習俗還規定每個人,甚至是家庭成員中年紀最小的,都必須攪動布丁至少 3 下。在攪拌的同時,他們還得看到鍋底才行。這項團結之舉是為了給家族帶來繁榮興旺。如果家裡有未婚的女孩不參加攪拌布丁的儀式,則會招來惡運。這名女子將會喪失來年找到夫婿的一切希望。節日傳統隨著社會而變遷成長。你喜歡的節日有哪些傳統呢?
答案: 1. (D) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. (E) 5. (B)

 

  冬至是中國 1 年 24 個節氣中最重要的一個節氣。冬至的日期約在每年 12 月 22 日前後。冬至這天,太陽直射南回歸線,所以北半球白天最短,黑夜最長。
在冬至,中國北方有冬至日吃餃子的習俗,南方某些地方有冬至日吃湯圓等甜食的習俗。江浙一帶在冬至吃湯圓外,還要吃桂花酒釀並祭祖,蘇州還有桂花冬釀酒,只在此時節上市。大湯圓有餡的『粉團』是用於晚上祭祖,而無餡較小的湯圓用於早上拜神。祭祖之後還有將湯圓粘在門窗上,稱為『冬節圓』,等乾燥以後再給孩子們吃,有保佑健康成長之用。(資料來源:維基百科)

 
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