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2018/02/20 第339期 訂閱/退訂看歷史報份直接訂閱
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Azulejo: A Symbol of Portuguese Beauty    葡萄牙唯美的象徵:阿茲勒赫瓷磚畫
Learn about the surprising past of this art form.
了解一下關於這種藝術形式令人訝異的過去。

 

   Part of the beauty of Portugal comes from its many azulejos, which are painted ceramic tiles that come in various colors, though blue and white are the most common. They are often used to make decorative patterns or detailed scenes.
  The art form
originally came to Portugal from Spain. Before 1492, much of Spain was ruled by various Muslim rulers. These Muslim kingdoms brought the art traditions of Africa and the Middle East to Spain. On a trip to Seville, Spain, in 1503, the King of Portugal saw the tiles and brought them back to Portugal, and this is when the art form truly began to spread.
  At first, these tiles were used to
brighten the blank spaces on the walls of churches and public buildings. In Spain, azulejos only featured simple designs. Once in Portugal, however, designs became much more detailed.
  After
falling out of favor in the 1900s, azulejos are popular once again. From subway stations, bars, churches, and even inside homes, these tiles can be found everywhere. While the roots of azulejo tiles are hundreds of years old, the art form lives on. Visitors to Portugal should take in the beauty of these amazing tiles at every opportunity.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 



 

   葡萄牙的部分之美來自於擁有許多阿茲勒赫瓷磚畫(又譯為上光花磚),這是有著各種顏色的彩繪瓷磚,不過藍白色是最常見的。它們常被用來製成裝飾的圖案或是更為細緻的場景。
  這樣的藝術形式最初是從西班牙傳到葡萄牙來。1492 年以前,西班牙大部分的地區由穆斯林統治。這些穆斯林王國將非洲及中東的藝術傳統帶到西班牙。1503 年,葡萄牙國王在往西班牙塞維亞市的旅程中看見了這種瓷磚,並將它們帶回葡萄牙,這種藝術形式就是從那時候開始真正流傳開來。
  這些瓷磚最初是被用來讓教堂和公共建築牆壁上的空白處變得更起眼。阿茲勒赫瓷磚畫在西班牙只以簡單的設計為特色。然而一旦進入葡萄牙,設計可是變得更為精細。
  阿茲勒赫瓷磚畫在二十世紀初熱度退燒後,現在又再次風行了。不論從地鐵站、酒吧、教堂裡,甚至在家中,這些瓷磚隨處可見。雖然阿茲勒赫瓷磚起源於數百年前,但這種藝術形式依舊存在。到葡萄牙的觀光客有機會就應該去欣賞這些令人驚豔的瓷磚。

 

ceramic tiles n. 瓷磚
ceramic a. 陶瓷的
decorative a. 作裝飾用的,裝飾(性)的
pattern n. 圖案,花樣,式樣

 

1. various a. 各式各樣的,種種不同的
The speaker covered various topics like poverty, health, and the Internet during his presentation.
那位演講人在他的簡報中提及各種議題,如貧窮、健康和網路。
* presentation n. 簡報,報告

2. detailed a. 詳細的
The office manager gave a detailed report to the company's board of directors.
部門經理向公司董事會作了詳盡的報告。
* board of directors n. 董事會

3. originally adv. 原先,原本
Before David was a teacher, he originally worked at a hotel.
在大衛當老師前,他原本在一家旅館工作。

4. spread vi. & vt. 變得廣為人知,傳開(動詞三態同形)
The rumor was widely spread among the crowd.
謠言在人群當中廣泛地傳播開來。

5. brighten vt. & vi.(使)更明亮
The Northern Lights brighten the skies over the North Pole every winter.
北極光每個冬季都會照亮整個北極的天空。

6. fall / go out of favor  熱潮退卻,失寵
As languages grow, new words are introduced, and many words fall out of favor.
隨著語言的發展,新字不斷被引進,而有許多字則沒人使用了。

7. live on  繼續存在著
Hemingway's writings and characters still live on to this day.
海明威的著作和創作的人物至今仍繼續存在著。

8. opportunity n. 機會
Working as Miranda's assistant was a huge opportunity for Andy.
擔任米蘭達的助理對安迪來說是個絕佳的機會。

又一個多功能實用片語!—— take in
本文 "Visitors to Portugal should take in the beauty of these amazing tiles at every opportunity." 中的片語 take in,表「參觀,欣賞」。而 take sth in / take in sth 還可表「領會,理解;記住」或「收容,收養」。例:

The old couple sit on their porch and take in the sunset every evening.
(那對老夫婦每天傍晚都坐在門廊欣賞夕陽。)

The teacher is not sure how much of his explanation the students can take in.
(這位老師不確定學生對他的解釋能了解多少。)

Judy is always taking in stray dogs.
(茱蒂總是會收養流浪狗。)


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