走自己的路 藝術電影稱霸奧斯卡

Six years after nabbing the best picture Oscar for “Moonlight,” the hip, art-house studio A24 succeeded at Sunday night’s Academy Awards on a scale that seemed to surprise even its executives, who entered the post-show Governor’s Ball with what-just-happened-looks on their faces.

繼「月光下的藍色男孩」奪下奧斯卡最佳影片獎六年後，時髦的藝術電影製片公司A24周日晚間在奧斯卡頒獎典禮大獲成功，甚至公司主管們都感到錯愕，一臉「剛才發生了什麼」的表情現身典禮後慶功晚宴。

The studio became the first in the 95-year history of the Oscars to capture the top six awards at once: the four acting categories, director and picture. It won nine trophies in all — out of 18 nominations — with seven, including best picture, going to “Everything Everywhere All at Once.” That film, about a family of Asian immigrants who travel through a multiverse in their quest to find one another, was made for $20 million and grossed $106 million worldwide.

A24是奧斯卡金像獎舉辦九十五年來，第一個一口氣奪下六項最大獎的電影公司，包括四項最佳演員獎、最佳導演以及最佳影片獎。A24一共累積十八項入圍，最終抱回九座獎盃，單是「媽的多重宇宙」便拿下最佳影片獎在內的七項大獎。這部片講述一個亞裔移民家庭穿越不同時空找回彼此的故事，這部製作成本兩千萬美元的電影全球票房達一億六百萬美元。

It signaled what could be a changing of the guard. The two studios that have long dominated the art film business, Searchlight Pictures and Focus Features, left the ceremony empty-handed. Searchlight’s “The Banshees of Inisherin” was nominated for nine Oscars. Focus was behind “Tár,” which was nominated for six.

這意味著文藝電影可能將改朝換代。長期肩挑藝術電影產業大梁的「探照燈影業」及「焦點影業」這次皆空手而歸；探照燈影業製作的「伊尼舍林的女妖」獲九項提名，焦點影業的「塔爾」則入圍六項。

Making A24’s glittering night all the more notable is that it comes as the movie business is in disarray. Art-house theaters shut down at a rapid clip during the pandemic and the audience for adult-minded films is shrinking. Auteurs are increasingly turning to streaming services that offer more money and less stress. And the big studios are becoming even more risk-averse in what they are willing to put in theaters, churning out a steady stream of sequels and superhero films.

在電影產業恰逢混亂之際寫下如此佳績，讓A24在頒獎之夜格外奪目。疫情期間，藝術電影戲院相繼快速倒閉，成人議題電影也不斷流失觀眾。電影導演們紛紛轉向給更多錢、壓力較小的串流平台。大型電影公司對於要推出什麼電影上院線，也變得更加風險趨避，不斷推出續集及超級英雄電影。

“I’m just so glad they exist because no one else is making the weird stuff that they are, and we all need that,” Paul Rogers, who won the editing Oscar for “Everything Everywhere All at Once,” said of A24 after entering the Governor’s Ball. “We need to know, all the weirdos out there, that we’re not alone. They’re helping us and the world realize that it’s OK to be strange. It’s OK to be different. It’s OK to tell different types of stories about different types of people than what we’re used to seeing.”

「我真的非常高興它們存在，因為沒有人在做它們做的那些怪東西，而我們都需要那些怪東西。」以「媽的多重宇宙」拿下了奧斯卡最佳剪輯獎的剪輯師羅傑斯在慶功晚宴上如是描述A24。「我們需要知道，所有散落在各地的異類們，我們並不孤單。他們幫助我們及世界明白，格格不入也沒關係。特立獨行也沒關係。講述那些與我們常見的不同類型人們的不同類型故事，也沒關係。」

“It’s actually just amazing, what they’ve done,” said Stephen Galloway, the dean of Chapman University’s film school. “It’s really art-house moviemaking that all of us probably thought was dead. And yet they’re proving it is not. You can guarantee at this point that they’re getting first dibs on any interesting, original, different non-mainstream screenplays.”

「它們所做的一切真的很不可思議」，查普曼大學電影學院院長加洛威說：「它們確實在製作文藝電影，我們所有人大都以為這已經玩完了，它們卻證明一切還沒結束。如今幾乎可以斷言，所有有趣、原創、獨特的非主流劇本都會將A24視作首選電影發行商。」

抹去「美利堅邦聯」痕跡 美海軍2船艦更名

One night in 1862, as the Civil War raged, an enslaved mariner named Robert Smalls seized an opportunity.

1862年的一個夜晚，正值美國南北戰爭如火如荼之際，名叫羅伯特．史莫爾斯的奴隸水手把握了一個良機。

When the enlisted crew of a Confederate steamer disembarked for a night of carousing in Charleston, South Carolina, Smalls, the ship’s pilot, gathered his family and the other enslaved sailors and their families. He then steered the ship for a dramatic escape past heavy fortifications to Union-controlled waters and freedom.

當一艘「美利堅邦聯」汽船上被徵召入伍的船員，在南卡羅來納州查爾斯頓靠岸一晚飲酒作樂時，駕駛該船的史莫爾斯，召集了他家人和其他遭奴役水手及其家人。然後他駕著該船戲劇性躲過重兵布防，抵達由「聯邦」控制的水域，奔向自由。

Disguised in a top hat and a Confederate captain’s long overcoat, Smalls gave the passcodes at each of five Confederate forts and, once past the reach of cannon fire, hoisted a white flag of sewn-together bedsheets that his wife, Hannah, had made — delivering the ship to Union forces.

史莫爾斯以一頂高禮帽與一件邦聯船長的長大衣為偽裝，在五座邦聯要塞都交出通行密碼，一駛離大砲射程，就豎起一面由其妻漢娜將幾張床單縫在一起製成的白旗，將船交給聯邦部隊。

Smalls and the crew had lined the bottom of the boat with dynamite to detonate rather than be recaptured and face execution.

史莫爾斯和船員在船底鋪設炸藥，準備引爆，以免被抓面臨處決。

Now, Smalls will be immortalized on a U.S. Navy warship named after him, as will Marie Tharp, a pioneering ocean geologist. Both are receiving broader recognition under a Pentagon program to rid military installations and other property of Confederate ties.

如今，史莫爾斯將名垂千古，一艘美國海軍軍艦將以他為名，還有一艘以海洋地質先驅瑪莉．瑟普命名。兩人都在五角大廈一項計畫中獲得更廣泛的認可，該計畫將清除軍事設施及其他資產與邦聯的聯繫。

The Naming Commission, a committee created by Congress in response to a public backlash against Confederate memorials in the wake of the 2020 murder of George Floyd, identified two ships to be rechristened in the Navy’s fleet.

2020年喬治．佛洛伊德謀殺案後，民眾對紀念邦聯物件強烈反彈，美國國會因此創設「命名委員會」回應。該會確認海軍艦隊中兩艘船艦要重新命名。

One, a warship deployed in the waters off Japan, called the USS Chancellorsville after the Confederate Civil War victory in Virginia, will be renamed the USS Robert Smalls.

其中一艘戰艦部署在日本外海，以邦聯於美國內戰期間在維吉尼亞州獲勝戰役命名的「昌塞勒斯維號」，將更名為「羅伯特．史莫爾斯號」。

The other, a Pathfinder-class oceanographic survey ship called the USNS Maury, was named after Matthew Fontaine Maury, a U.S. Navy commander who resigned in 1861 to join the Confederate Navy during the Civil War and is known as “Pathfinder of the Seas” for his work charting the global paths of ocean currents. It will be rechristened the USNS Marie Tharp, after the ocean cartographer who helped document the phenomenon of continental drift.

另一艘名為「莫瑞號」的探路者級海洋調查船，是以1861年南北戰爭時離職加入邦聯海軍的美國海軍中校馬修．方登．莫瑞命名，他被譽為「海洋探路者」，以致力繪製全球洋流路徑圖而聞名。莫瑞號將更名為「瑪莉．瑟普號」，以這位協助記錄大陸漂移現象的海洋製圖員為名。

When the Naming Commission informed the Navy that it would have four assets to rename — two buildings at the Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, and two ships — dozens of suggestions flooded Secretary of the Navy Carlos Del Toro’s office, said Tralene Hunston, a civilian employee in the public affairs office.

公共事務辦公室文職雇員特拉琳恩．洪斯頓說，當命名委員會通知海軍將有四件資產要重新命名，包括位於馬里蘭州安納波利斯的美國海軍官校兩棟建築物和兩艘船艦時，建言如雪片般飛至海軍部長戴杜羅的辦公室。

The Navy is planning namesake ceremonies that do not disrupt operations of either ship, Hunston said.

洪斯頓還說，海軍正計畫舉行不打亂這兩艘船艦活動的命名儀式。