1. base A on / upon B　　將 A 奠立在 B 的基礎上
be based on / upon...　　基於／根據……
• The boss based his decision on faulty data.
老闆根據錯誤的資料做了決定。
• That movie is based on a famous comic book.
那部電影是根據一本知名漫畫書改編而成的。

2. get to the bottom of...　　找出……的真相
• The detective is determined to get to the bottom of the case.
那名警探決定要找出該案件的真相。

3. come up with...　　提出／想出……（主意、點子）
• The manager came up with a way to solve the company’s financial problems.
經理想出一個解決公司財務問題的辦法。

4. be born with...　　與生俱有……
• Daniel was born with a talent for singing.
丹尼爾天生就有唱歌的才華。

5. build up...　　增強／增加……
• Mountaineering is good for building up your leg strength.
登山有助於增強你的腿力。

1. boost vt. 提高，增強
• That new gasoline additive has really boosted my car’s performance.
那種新的汽油添加劑確實提高了我車子的性能。
＊additive n. 添加物

2. flawed a. 有瑕疵的，有錯誤的
flaw n. 瑕疵，缺點 & vt. 使有瑕疵
• Your design was rejected because it is flawed.
你的設計作品因為有缺陷而被否決了。
• It takes a sharp eye to see the flaw in this gem.
眼力好的人才可以看到這顆寶石的瑕疵。
＊a sharp eye　　敏銳的眼力

3. prompt vt. 促使，激勵
prompt sb to V　　促使／激勵某人（做）……
• A recent study prompted thousands of people to stop using the drug.
最近的一項研究促使數以千計的人停止使用該藥物。

4. gobble vt. 狼吞虎嚥
gobble up / down...　　將……很快吃掉
= wolf down...
• John gobbled up his breakfast in two minutes and left quickly for work.
約翰兩分鐘就把早餐大口吃完，然後匆匆趕去上班。

5. misplace vt. 將……放錯地方；
亂放／隨意擱置（而一時找不到）
• My mother misplaced her glasses and can’t find them anywhere.
我媽把她的眼鏡亂放，現在到處都找不到。

6. measurement n. 測量（法）
take measurements　　進行測量；量尺寸
• The tailor took measurements for my suit.
裁縫師為我的西裝量尺寸。

7. surprisingly adv. 令人意外地
• The pasta May cooked was surprisingly tasty.
小梅做的義大利麵出奇地美味。

8. concept n. 概念，觀念
• It is hard to define a concept as abstract as beauty.
要替像美麗這種抽象的概念下定義是很困難的。

9. digest vt. 理解；消化
• This chapter is difficult for beginners to digest.
這一章節對初學者來說很難理解。
• Taking a walk after a large meal may help you digest your food.
吃完大餐後散個步可能會幫助消化。

10. ban vt. 禁止（本文為過去分詞作形容詞用）
ban sb from V-ing　　禁止某人（做）……
• My parents banned me from smoking.
我爸媽禁止我抽菸。

11. fictional a. 虛構的
• The events in this film are entirely fictional.
這部影片裡的事件純屬虛構。

12. dramatically adv. 大大地，劇烈地
• Temperatures have been dropping dramatically due to the incoming storm.
由於一場風暴即將來襲，氣溫一直急遽下降。

13. neutral a. 中立的
• That country stayed neutral during the war.
該國在戰爭中保持中立。

advise vt. 建議
advise sb to V　　建議某人做……
• I’d advise you not to tell Alan the truth.
我勸你別告訴艾倫實情。

advice n. 建議，忠告（不可數）
• Can you give me some advice on what to order?
我要點什麼，你可以給一點建議嗎？
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有些英文單字中文意思相近，但有的是動詞，有的是名詞，而且拼法也非常相似，以下是幾組容易混淆的動詞和名詞組合：
a. affect vt. 影響
　effect n. 影響
• This article is about how climate change affects Arctic ecology.
這篇文章是有關氣候變遷如何影響北極的生態。
b. choose vt. & vi. 選擇
　choice n. 選擇
• The radio station chose people at random for the free tickets.
該廣播電臺隨機挑人贈送免費門票。
c. complain vi. 抱怨
　complaint n. 抱怨；投訴
• Bill turned a deaf ear to his wife’s complaints.
比爾對自己老婆的抱怨充耳不聞。
d. devise vt. 設計，發明
　device n. 器具，裝置
• Billy’s dream is to devise a pen that will do all of his homework for him.
比利的夢想是發明一支會幫他寫所有作業的筆。
• This machine has a safety device.
這臺機器有一個安全裝置。
e. prove vt. 證明
　proof n. 證明，證據（不可數）
• Even though he had no proof, Jimmy still claimed that he was the owner of the wallet.
雖然沒有證據，吉米仍稱自己是皮夾的主人。

Today, decades after the correction, many still believe spinach to be far richer in iron than it really is.
介紹可用來修飾比較級形容詞或副詞的副詞或副詞片語
※ 修飾一般形容詞或副詞可用 very、too、quite 等。
• The traffic cop signaled Lisa to pull over because she was driving too fast.
交通警察因為麗莎超速而示意她靠邊停車。
• I saw three movies last weekend, one of which was quite interesting.
我上個週末看了三部電影，其中一部相當有趣。
※ 形容詞或副詞變成比較級時，就不能用上列這些字來修飾，而要用 far、much、even、still、a lot、a great deal、a bit、a little (bit) 等副詞或副詞片語。
• Authentic leather is far more expensive than artificial leather, but it lasts a lot longer.
真皮要比人造皮貴多了，但使用年限長很多。
• Accommodation in Taipei is much cheaper than that in Tokyo.
在臺北住宿遠比在東京來得便宜。
• The cake smells good and tastes even better.
這蛋糕聞起來很香，吃起來更棒。
• Janet speaks English a lot more fluently than I do.
珍妮特英語講得比我流利多了。
• It’s a bit colder today than it was yesterday.
今天比昨天稍微冷一點。
※ far 及 much 亦可修飾副詞 too。
• I’m far too tired to walk after shopping all day.
我逛街一整天後累到走不動了。