1. This makes their skin feel like armor and helps the sharks move quickly and gracefully through the water.
   理由:
   a. 空格前有動詞 helps（幫助）及作受詞用的名詞 the sharks（鯊魚），得知空格應置原形動詞或不定詞片語（to V）。
   Jogging can help (to) relieve work-related tension and anxiety.
   慢跑有助於消除工作引起的緊張和焦慮。
   b. 根據上述，(A) 項應為正選。
2. For many years now, humans have been copying shark skin in different products.
   理由:
   a. 空格前有 for 引導的時間副詞片語（for + 一段時間），得知空格應置現在完成式或現在完成進行式的動詞。
   Jack and Audrey have been together for quite a while.
   傑克和奧黛莉在一起已有很長一段時間了。
   b. 根據上述，(D) 項應為正選。
3. Artificial sharkskin fabric is very light and does not wrinkle easily, which makes it ideal for suits, curtains, and tablecloths.
   理由:
   a. (A) confident a. 有信心的
   After getting plastic surgery, Jenny felt more confident about herself.
   動過整形手術後，珍妮對自己有信心多了。
   (B) artificial a. 人造的
   Professor Wright doesn't like anyone to refer to his artificial arm.
   萊特教授不喜歡任何人提到他的義肢手臂。
   (C) doubtful a. 起疑的；可疑的
   I was doubtful about the man's good intentions.
   這個男人的好意令我起疑。
   (D) pessimistic a. 悲觀的
   Instead of being pessimistic, you can learn from your mistakes.
   與其感到悲觀，其實你可以從錯誤中學習。
   b. 根據語意，(B) 項應為正選。
4. . The biggest technological advancement that is related to shark skin in recent years is paint.
   理由:
   a. 本題測試以下固定用法：
   be related to N/V-ing　　和……相關
   The examples in this essay are not related to the topic sentence at all.
   這篇論文中所舉的例子和主題句完全不相關。
   b. 根據上述，(C) 項應為正選。
5. On wind turbines, less air resistance means that more energy is generated, making them more efficient.
   理由:
   a. (A) management n. 管理
   That company suffered a big loss because of poor management.
   那家公司由於管理不善而蒙受重大損失。
   (B) resistance n. 阻力；反抗
   The old man has to overcome his resistance to new technology.
   那位老人必須克服對採用新技術的抗拒。
   (C) separation n. 分離
   Tom's friends managed to get him to talk to his wife after years of separation.
   經過多年分居後，湯姆的朋友們設法讓他和妻子講話。
   (D) admission n. 入場費
   Admission to this play is NT$200.
   那場表演的入場費是臺幣兩百元。
   b. 根據語意，(B) 項應為正選。
6. If this paint were applied to every plane in the world, 4.48 million tons of fuel would be saved every year.
   理由:
   a. 本題空格測試『與現在事實相反』的假設語氣用法，句型如下：
   If + 主詞 + 過去式動詞（be 動詞一律用 were）, 主詞 + 過去式助動詞（could, would, might, should）+ 原形動詞
   If I were in your shoes, I wouldn't be so concerned about the situation.
   如果我處於你的立場，我不會對目前的情況如此在意。
   b. 空格前有表物品的主詞 fuel（燃料），得知空格後應置被動語態，故 (B) 項不可選。
   c. 根據語意及用法，(D) 項應為正選。
7. That would reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and when it comes to protecting the environment, every little bit helps.
   理由:
   a. (A) protect vt. 保護
   Whenever Sally goes out on sunny days, she puts on sunscreen to protect her skin.
   每當莎莉在晴天外出時，她都會擦防曬乳來保護皮膚。
   (B) violate vt. 違反
   Sam violated the contract by revealing the company's secrets.
   山姆因洩漏公司機密而違約。
   (C) harvest vt. 採收
   Grandpa has harvested three acres of corn this year.
   爺爺今年已採收了三英畝的玉米。
   (D) observe vt. 觀察
   The doctor observed the child to see how he would react to the medicine.
   醫生觀察那名兒童對該藥物的反應為何。
   b. 根據語意，(A) 項應為正選。

1. ideal a. 理想的
   It is Jane's view that an ideal husband should always be respectful and truthful.
   阿珍認為理想的老公一定要對人尊重及誠實。
2. advancement n. 進步，進展
   Lack of imagination is an obstacle to your advancement.
   缺乏想像力會阻礙你進步。
3. inspire vt. 啟發
   That rock and roll singer inspired Nick to start up his own band.
   那位搖滾歌手啟發尼克創立自己的樂團。
4. efficiency n. 效能
   A potential customer called to inquire about the efficiency of the new instrument.
   有位潛在顧客來電詢問這項新儀器的效能。
5. be applied to...　　被應用在……上
   Nanotechnology is applied to many aspects of our lives.
   奈米科技被應用在我們生活中的許多層面。
   ＊nanotechnology n. 奈米科技
6. generate vt. 產生（電、熱、光等）
   Dams are often used to generate electricity.
   水壩經常被利用來發電。
7. come up with...
   想出／提出（主意、想法等）
   Steve came up with an idea for getting rid of the roaches in his house.
   史提夫想出一個將蟑螂趕出家裡的點子。
8. emission n. 排放（物）
   emit vt. 散發
   The machines need to be properly maintained to prevent black smoke emission.
   這些機器必須適當保養以避免排放黑煙。
   The rays emitted from the microwave can cause problems for some people with heart conditions.
   微波爐散發的輻射可能對某些有心臟病的人造成問題。
9. when it comes to N/V-ing　　說到……
   George is not so adventurous when it comes to food.
   談到食物，喬治並沒有那麼勇於嘗試。
   ＊adventurous a. 勇於冒險的

1. scale n. 魚鱗
2. armor n. 盔甲
3. fabric n. 布料
4. wrinkle vi. 起皺紋
5. turbine n. 渦輪（機）
6. drag n. 阻力
7. ultraviolet a. 紫外線的
8. radiation n. 輻射
9. particle n. 微粒；粒子
10. recreate vt. 使重現
11. apply vt. 塗，抹
12. stencil n. 模版
13. container n. 貨櫃的

They found that the paint reduces drag by five percent.

注意
表『以……的差距』時，介詞通常用 by，之後接數量詞。
Johnny was late for work by only a minute.
強尼就只差一分鐘而上班遲到了。
Our team beats the competition by three points.
我們的校隊以三分之差贏了比賽。